डेविड ड्यूरंड के शुद्ध आय (NI) दृष्टिकोण सिद्धांत के अनुसार, एक फर्म अपनी पूंजी संरचना में ________ का अनुपात बढ़ाकर अपना कुल मूल्य बढ़ा सकती है और पूंजी की समग्र लागत (WACC) को कम कर सकती है।

Match the Capital Structure Theories and Propositions in LIST-I with their Core Conclusions or Mathematical Relationships in LIST-II: LIST-I (Theory/Proposition) A. Net Income (NI) Approach B. Net Operating Income (NOI) Approach C. MM Proposition I (With Corporate Taxes) D. Traditional Approach LIST-II (Core Conclusion/Relationship) I. VL = VU + (T × D) II. WACC is minimized within a threshold range of moderate leverage. III. WACC decreases as the proportion of debt increases because Ke and Kd remain constant. IV. WACC remains constant as Ke rises to offset the benefits of cheaper debt. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R. Assertion A: According to the Traditional Approach to capital structure, a firm's overall Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) initially declines with the addition of moderate leverage but eventually rises as debt becomes excessive. Reason R: Beyond a specific threshold, the excessive use of debt increases financial risk to such an extent that it causes both the cost of equity (Ke) and the cost of debt (Kd) to rise sharply, thereby offsetting the benefits of low-cost debt. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: