जीवाणुओं में, एक अतिरिक्त-गुणसूत्री (extrachromosomal) आनुवंशिक तत्व जो स्वतंत्र रूप से या गुणसूत्र में एकीकृत होकर रह सकता है, उसे क्या कहा जाता है?

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the composition of viroids?

Why can yeast not produce alcoholic beverages with an alcohol content higher than ~13% naturally?

Which staining technique is used to differentiate bacteria into gram-positive and gram-negative based on their cell wall properties?