कॉर्पोरेट शब्द 'डाउनसाइज़िंग' (downsizing), जो किसी कंपनी के कार्यबल में स्थायी कमी को संदर्भित करता है, को 1980 के दशक के उत्तरार्ध में किस अर्थशास्त्री द्वारा लोकप्रिय बनाया गया था?

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Competency mapping helps organisations identify behavioural and functional capabilities required for superior performance. Reason (R): Competency mapping is mainly concerned with measuring employee absenteeism and labour turnover.

The process of developing a pool of qualified applicants for job openings in an organization is called: