एक संगठन में रेखा संरचना (line structure) और रेखा एवं कर्मचारी संरचना (line and staff structure) के संदर्भ में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें: 1. रेखा प्रबंधक (Line manager) अन्य व्यक्तियों पर प्रत्यक्ष कमान अधिकार रखता है। 2. कर्मचारी प्रबंधक (Staff manager) मुख्य रूप से सहायता और सलाह प्रदान करता है। नीचे दिए गए कूट से सही उत्तर का चयन करें:

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Decentralisation improves managerial development by allowing lower level managers to participate in decision making. Reason (R): Decentralisation completely eliminates the need for coordination and control at the top management level.

Which of the following statements related to Just-in-Time (JIT) Manufacturing are correct? (I) JIT is a demand-pull manufacturing system. (II) It aims to produce high-quality products at the lowest possible cost. (III) It is also known as Clean Production. (IV) JIT system helps in reducing various overhead costs. Choose the correct answer from the options given below: