Which of the following statements about strategic planning are correct? 1. It is concerned with quantifiable and qualitative matters. 2. It is mainly undertaken by middle management in an organisation. 3. It is concerned predominantly with the long term.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Decentralisation improves managerial development by allowing lower level managers to participate in decision making. Reason (R): Decentralisation completely eliminates the need for coordination and control at the top management level.

Which of the following statements related to Just-in-Time (JIT) Manufacturing are correct? (I) JIT is a demand-pull manufacturing system. (II) It aims to produce high-quality products at the lowest possible cost. (III) It is also known as Clean Production. (IV) JIT system helps in reducing various overhead costs. Choose the correct answer from the options given below: