Given below are two statements: Statement I: Classical Indian Logicians (Naiyayikas) give a psychological account of Inferential cognition. Statement II: According to Naiyayikas, the logical structure of inference represents not how we ought to infer, but how, as a matter of fact, we do infer. In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): As per the classical Indian school of logic, the argument 'the sky-lotus is fragrant, because it is a lotus, like the lotus of a lake' is fallacious. Reason (R): In the above argument, the fallacy committed is Ashrayasiddha (unreal locus) because the subject (sky-lotus) is unreal. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

In Indian logic, the term 'Hetvabhasa' refers to which of the following?