हरमट्टन पवनों (Harmattan winds) के संदर्भ में निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा/से कथन सही है/हैं? 1. यह एक शुष्क, उत्तर-पूर्वी पवन है। 2. यह मई और जून के महीनों में पश्चिम अफ्रीका में चलती है। नीचे दिए गए कोड का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनिए:

With reference to the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), consider the following statements: I. It is an eastward-moving tropical disturbance rather than a stationary atmospheric trough. II. It is associated with alternating phases of enhanced and suppressed cloudiness, convection and rainfall. III. It generally operates within the tropical belt between 30°N and 30°S latitudes. IV. It can influence monsoon variability as well as tropical cyclone activity. Which of the statements given above are correct?

Which of the following correctly explains the formation of clouds in the atmosphere?