सार्वजनिक वस्तुओं में बाजार की विफलता मुख्य रूप से किसके कारण उत्पन्न होती है?

Which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. In the pricing of public goods, the efficient pricing condition requires that the sum of individual marginal benefits equals the marginal cost of provision. 2. Adverse selection is a post-contractual form of information asymmetry where one party changes their behavior after an agreement is reached. 3. In a cartel, joint profits are maximized when the marginal revenue of the cartel equals the marginal cost of each individual member at the optimum. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of public goods?