'समाज धार्मिक, तात्विक (मेटाफिजिकल) और प्रत्यक्षवादी (पॉजिटिव) चरणों से गुजरता है।' तीन चरणों के इस नियम का प्रतिपादन किसने किया था?

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R. Assertion A: In simple, mechanical societies, the legal system is characterized by repressive law which enforces conformity through punitive measures. Reason R: Modern, complex societies transition toward the use of repressive law to restore the balance between individuals and groups. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Who introduced the concept of Neo-functionalism in sociology?