संरचनात्मक सदस्यों में शुद्ध नमन (pure bending) के सिद्धांत को गणितीय रूप से निम्नलिखित में से किसके द्वारा व्यक्त किया जाता है?

Mohr's circle reduces to a point when an element is subjected to:

A steel column pinned at both ends has an Euler buckling load of 250 kN. If the column is restrained against lateral movement at its mid-height, its new buckling load will be:

What is the angle between the principal strain axis and the maximum shear strain axis in 2D strain analysis?