शिक्षक-मध्यस्थता वाले निर्देशात्मक प्रारूप (Teacher-mediated instructional format) में शामिल हैं: (a) सक्रिय शिक्षण (Active Teaching) (b) कार्य शिक्षण (Task Teaching) (c) पारस्परिक प्रारूप (Reciprocal Format) (d) प्रश्नों के माध्यम से शिक्षण (Teaching through questions) निम्नलिखित में से सही विकल्प चुनिए:

Which teaching strategy most effectively promotes student understanding of the photoelectric effect and wave-particle duality?

During a conversation with her friends, a child naturally speaks in Hindi but uses a few English words in between without hesitation. For instance, she says, 'Mere liye wait mat karna, mai late ho sakti hun,' where the words 'wait' and 'late' are used alongside Hindi. She does not consciously translate but blends elements from both languages during regular speech. This is an example of: