वह सांगठनिक परिवर्तन जो बाहरी बलों द्वारा प्रदर्शन को पहले ही प्रभावित कर देने के बाद होता है, क्या कहलाता है?

Which of the following factors are critical for effectively managing technological change in organizations? (i) Employee training and reskilling (ii) Resistance management through communication (iii) Ignoring organizational culture during implementation (iv) Top management commitment

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R Assertion A: During organisational change, the most effective strategy to achieve a new state of equilibrium is simply increasing the driving forces that push for the transition. Reason R: Increasing driving forces often increases restraining forces in equal measure, making the weakening of restraining forces typically the more effective strategy. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: