लेवलिंग में वक्रता और अपवर्तन के लिए संयुक्त संशोधन (C) की गणना करने के लिए निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा व्यंजक सही है? यहाँ, d किमी (km) में मापी गई दूरी है।

In survey work using a total station with reflector measurements, which of the following sequence of temporary adjustments must be performed at a station?

While carrying out a total station survey on one bank of a 250 m wide river, it is necessary to plot electric transmission posts on the opposite bank. No provision exists for crossing the river and the posts are inaccessible. In which mode should the survey work be done?