यदि किसी समस्या का हल खोजते समय छात्र को अचानक उसका समाधान मिल जाता है, तो इस प्रकार के अधिगम को क्या कहा जाता है?

In a classroom, a teacher repeatedly pairs a particular sound with handing out homework. Over time, students react to the sound with disappointment even before homework is given. Which learning theory best explains this scenario?

In Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment, in which stage is the conditioned response (CR) elicited directly by the conditioned stimulus (CS)?