भारत में पारंपरिक जाति व्यवस्था के संबंध में सही कथन/कथनों की पहचान कीजिए: 1. जाति व्यवस्था उच्च जातियों पर नागरिक और धार्मिक अयोग्यताएं थोपती है। 2. जाति व्यवस्था अछूतों को नागरिक और धार्मिक विशेषाधिकार देती है।

Which of the following statements correctly describe the catalysts driving transformations within the modern caste system? I. Land reforms have disrupted traditional economic relationships within the caste system. II. Access to education has empowered lower castes, fostering awareness and equality. III. Social legislation aimed at promoting equality has contributed to a reduction in caste-based discrimination. IV. Industrialization and urbanization have challenged traditional roles, leading to a more merit-based societal structure. Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

'Caste is a Brahmanic child of Indo-Aryan culture cradled in the land of Ganges and thence transferred to other parts of India.' Whose statement is this?