प्राथमिक स्तर पर 'मानचित्रण' (मैपिंग) शिक्षार्थियों में निम्नलिखित में से किस कौशल को बढ़ावा देता है?

Prolonged occupational exposure to excessive noise from heavy machinery without hearing protection causes noise-induced hearing loss. Excess noise is categorized as a:

Long-term exposure to indoor air pollutants, such as smoke from burning biomass fuels, significantly increases the risk of developing chronic respiratory conditions like: