प्रबंधन का कौन सा स्तर गतिविधियों के निष्पादन, पर्यवेक्षण और निगरानी के लिए जिम्मेदार है?

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R. Assertion A: Top-level management is primarily concerned with the organization as a whole and its long-term strategic direction. Reason R: Executives at this level include specific functional roles such as the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and Chief Operating Officer (COO). In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:

First-line managers in an organizational hierarchy are also commonly known as: