पूंजी संरचना (capital structure) का कौन सा सिद्धांत यह तर्क देता है कि ऋण वित्तपोषण शुरू में फर्म के समग्र मूल्य को बढ़ाता है; हालाँकि एक निश्चित बिंदु से अधिक ऋण लेने पर वित्तीय जोखिम बढ़ता है और फर्म का मूल्य कम हो जाता है?

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Systematic risk cannot be eliminated through portfolio diversification. Reason (R): Systematic risk arises due to macroeconomic factors that affect the entire market. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): A high operating leverage indicates that a small change in sales can produce a larger percentage change in EBIT. Reason (R): High operating leverage arises because of the presence of higher fixed operating costs in the cost structure. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: