परी-अर्बन (उपनगरीय) क्षेत्रों का उदय और विकास मुख्य रूप से क्या दर्शाता है?

Consider the following statements on urbanization in developing countries: (a) Urban growth often exceeds industrial employment growth. (b) Informal sector employment becomes significant. (c) Urbanization always follows economic development. (d) Rural push factors play a major role. Which of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding theories of origin of towns: (a) Gordon Childe emphasized surplus production and division of labour. (b) Henri Pirenne highlighted the revival of trade and merchant towns. (c) Lewis Mumford considered cities purely as political capitals. (d) Early towns emerged alongside social stratification and specialization. Which of the statements given above are correct?