पक्षिनिया ग्रामिनिस (Puccinia graminis) के जीवन चक्र में, एसियल कप (aecial cups) आमतौर पर कहाँ पाए जाते हैं?

Which of the following is the most common symptom of viral diseases in plants?

As per the prediction model for Indian stem rust disease, what will occur if the following conditions are met? 1. 5-6 infection sites are observed within 25 ± 5 km around January 15-20 in UP and North Bihar. 2. Rain amount and rainy days over Northwest India from January to mid-April are twice the normal level.