निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा जैव विविधता के संरक्षण के लिए संकीर्ण रूप से उपयोगितावादी (narrowly utilitarian) तर्क को प्रदर्शित नहीं करता है?

Since the origin and diversification of life on Earth, there have been five episodes of mass extinction of species. How is the sixth extinction, which is currently in progress, different from the previous episodes?

'The Evil Quartet' of biodiversity loss includes which of the following?