निम्नलिखित चार कथनों पर विचार कीजिए: S1: MD5 बर्थड़े अटैक (Birthday attack) के प्रति संवेदनशील है। S2: ट्रेसरूट (Traceroute) 'Destination port unreachable' ICMP एरर संदेश का उपयोग करता है। S3: AES एक प्रकार का पब्लिक की एन्क्रिप्शन एल्गोरिदम है। S4: IPv4 का अधिकतम फिक्स्ड हेडर आकार 60 बाइट होता है। उपरोक्त कथनों में से कितने सत्य हैं?

Which of the following statements are FALSE in the context of computer networks and security? A. A mail server is a computer that stores and forwards e-mail messages. B. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is used to copy files from secondary memory to primary memory. C. Internet Relay Chat (IRC) enables users to copy files from one user to another user. D. Peer-to-Peer services allow users to access each other's computer via the Internet. E. In Instant Messaging, users can create their own chat rooms where invited guests can participate. Choose the correct option:

A bank manager is reviewing the security of the branch's local area network (LAN). He notices that the branch uses a Proxy Server to control internet access and a Firewall to prevent unauthorized external access. The bank also uses a Virtual Private Network (VPN) for employees working from home. A recent audit suggested that the bank should implement Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) for all internal system logins. The manager is also concerned about the possibility of a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. Which component or technology in the bank's network is specifically designed to hide the internal IP addresses of the branch computers from the public internet by translating them into a single public IP address?