नर्सरी में पौध का आर्द्र-पतन (Damping-off) मुख्य रूप से निम्नलिखित में से किसके कारण होता है?

Which of the following is the most common symptom of viral diseases in plants?

As per the prediction model for Indian stem rust disease, what will occur if the following conditions are met? 1. 5-6 infection sites are observed within 25 ± 5 km around January 15-20 in UP and North Bihar. 2. Rain amount and rainy days over Northwest India from January to mid-April are twice the normal level.