दोनों सिरों पर हिंज्ड (hinged) और 160 mm व्यास वाले वृत्ताकार अनुप्रस्थ-काट (circular cross-section) वाले 5 m लंबे कॉलम का तनुता अनुपात (slenderness ratio) क्या है?

Mohr's circle reduces to a point when an element is subjected to:

A steel column pinned at both ends has an Euler buckling load of 250 kN. If the column is restrained against lateral movement at its mid-height, its new buckling load will be:

What is the angle between the principal strain axis and the maximum shear strain axis in 2D strain analysis?