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दिए गए गद्यांश को ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़ें और रिक्त स्थान [3] को भरें: As online education expands rapidly, many institutions are struggling to maintain academic integrity. Some platforms rely on automated proctoring tools that monitor students through webcams and screen tracking, but critics argue that such systems can be invasive and technically unreliable. Others advocate a more holistic approach, emphasizing open-book assessments and problem-solving tasks that are harder to cheat on. However, this model demands meticulous question design and a deeper investment of time from educators. At the same time, students often feel [3] by the constant surveillance and the pressure to perform in unfamiliar digital environments. Policymakers are now attempting to strike a compromise between technological control and pedagogical trust, so that learning remains both rigorous and humane.