जब किसी पिंड पर द्वि-अक्षीय प्रतिबल (bi-axial stress) लगाया जाता है, यानी दो परस्पर लंबवत तलों में सीधे प्रतिबल P1 और P2 के साथ एक साधारण अपरूपण प्रतिबल (shear stress) q कार्य करता है, तो अधिकतम सामान्य प्रतिबल (maximum normal stress) क्या होगा?

When a bar of length l and uniform cross-section is rigidly fixed at the upper end and hangs freely, the total elongation produced in the bar due to its own weight is given by (where w = weight per unit volume and E = Modulus of Elasticity):

The hoop stress set up in a thin cylinder subjected to internal fluid pressure is: