केंद्रीय सचिवालय में 'कार्यकाल प्रणाली' (Tenure System) किस वर्ष शुरू की गई थी?

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R. Assertion A: Ministerial decisions within the Central Government are finalized and implemented through a direct process that excludes any detailed examination or verification of issues by the Secretariat. Reason R: The Secretariat serves as an 'institutionalised memory' and think-tank, enabling the government to evaluate emerging problems and future policies in the light of past activities and precedents. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R. Assertion A: The Central Secretariat is classified as an executive agency primarily responsible for the field-level implementation of all government policies and programmes. Reason R: The Secretariat functions as a staff agency that acts as an institutionalised memory and a think-tank to aid and assist the Government of India in its duties. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: