औपनिवेशिक शासन के दौरान सार्वजनिक स्वास्थ्य सेवाएँ बड़े पैमाने पर जनता के लिए अप्राप्य रहीं। स्वतंत्रता के समय भारत की अनुमानित जीवन प्रत्याशा (Life Expectancy) कितनी थी?

What was the condition of India's foreign trade at the time of independence (1947)?

Select the correct option regarding the following two statements labelled Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Assertion (A): The stagnation in the agricultural sector during colonial rule was caused mainly because of the various systems of land settlement introduced by the British government. Reason (R): India's economy under British colonial rule remained fundamentally agrarian — about 85% of the country's population lived mostly in villages and derived their livelihood directly or indirectly from agriculture.