ऐतिहासिक अनुसंधान प्रक्रियाओं में, निम्नलिखित में से कौन प्रारंभिक संचालन चरण के बजाय संश्लेषणात्मक/व्याख्यात्मक चरण से संबंधित है?

Which process in historical research aims at establishing the correctness and authenticity of a document's original reading?

Match the research terms in List I with their descriptions in List II: a. Semiotics - 1. Relies on unstructured data and non-numerical symbols b. Oral tradition - 2. Study of signs and symbols c. Qualitative Research - 3. Passing of knowledge across generations without writing d. Interdisciplinary Research - 4. Integrates data, tools, and techniques from multiple disciplines