एक हमला जो किसी अन्य उपयोगकर्ता का रूप धारण करने के लिए डेटा ट्रांसमिशन में हेरफेर करता है, सीधे तौर पर CIA ट्रायड के किस सिद्धांत का उल्लंघन करता है?

Arrange the following authentication factors in their progressive logical sequence as applied in a Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) framework, advancing from basic memorized credentials to dynamic tokens, and concluding with physical traits. A. One-time codes B. Biometrics C. Passwords Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

An unsolicited email message sent to many recipients at once is known as ________.