एक स्टील बीम सेक्शन को निम्न अपरूपण बीम (low shear beam) के रूप में वर्गीकृत किया जाता है जब गुणित अपरूपण बल (factored shear force) किससे कम होता है?

The strength and size specification of a butt weld is primary specified by its:

As per IS 800, the maximum bending moment for the design of purlins can be taken as (where W is the total distributed load including wind load on purlins and L is the effective span/centre distance of supports):