एक अनुवेषणात्मक अध्ययन (observational study) जिसमें विशेष व्यक्तियों या समूहों का वर्षों या दशकों तक लंबी अवधि में लगातार या बार-बार अवलोकन किया जाता है, उसे क्या कहा जाता है?

A small-scale preliminary study carried out to test the feasibility, reliability, and authenticity of data collection tools and gather feedback is called a:

Which of the following statements regarding the types of research studies are correct? A. Exploratory or formulative research studies are undertaken to gain familiarity with a phenomenon. B. Descriptive research studies aim to accurately portray the characteristics of a particular situation or group. C. Hypothesis-testing research studies test causal relationships between variables. D. Diagnostic research studies seek to determine the frequency with which something occurs or its association with another variable. Choose the correct option: