अल-नीनो (El-Nino) एक जटिल मौसम प्रणाली है जो हर तीन से ______ वर्षों में एक बार प्रकट होती है, जिससे दुनिया के विभिन्न हिस्सों में सूखा, बाढ़ और अन्य चरम मौसम की स्थिति पैदा होती है।

With reference to the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), consider the following statements: I. It is an eastward-moving tropical disturbance rather than a stationary atmospheric trough. II. It is associated with alternating phases of enhanced and suppressed cloudiness, convection and rainfall. III. It generally operates within the tropical belt between 30°N and 30°S latitudes. IV. It can influence monsoon variability as well as tropical cyclone activity. Which of the statements given above are correct?

Which of the following correctly explains the formation of clouds in the atmosphere?