अभिलाक्षणिक भार (Characteristic load) का अर्थ भार का वह मान है जिसके संरचना के जीवनकाल के दौरान पार न होने की संभावना _______ % होती है।

Consider the following statements: 1. The minimum steel requirements of slabs are based on considerations of shrinkage and temperature effects alone, and not on strength. 2. Providing excessive reinforcement in beams can result in congestion, thereby adversely affecting the proper placement and compaction of concrete. Which of the above statements is/are correct?

If f y is the yield stress in steel and E s is the Young's modulus of elasticity of steel, then according to IS 456:2000, the maximum strain in tension reinforcement at failure should NOT be less than: