अभिकथन (A): नियोजित परिवर्तन मॉडल संगठनात्मक समस्याओं के निदान में प्रबंधकीय भागीदारी पर जोर देते हैं। कारण (R): प्रभावी परिवर्तन के लिए वर्तमान स्थिति और वांछित स्थिति के बीच के अंतर को समझना आवश्यक है।

Which of the following factors are critical for effectively managing technological change in organizations? (i) Employee training and reskilling (ii) Resistance management through communication (iii) Ignoring organizational culture during implementation (iv) Top management commitment

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R Assertion A: During organisational change, the most effective strategy to achieve a new state of equilibrium is simply increasing the driving forces that push for the transition. Reason R: Increasing driving forces often increases restraining forces in equal measure, making the weakening of restraining forces typically the more effective strategy. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: