Environment & Ecology · Environment

With reference to water quality assessment and microbial indicators, consider the following statements: I. The presence of Escherichia coli in water samples is commonly used to indicate faecal contamination, but it does not directly establish the presence of pathogenic viruses. II. As per bathing water quality norms in India, regulatory standards mandate complete absence of Total Coliform organisms at all times for outdoor bathing waters. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?