Indian Polity · Polity

With reference to the procedure for Amendment of the Constitution of India under Article 368, consider the following statements: I. A private member of the Parliament can introduce a Constitutional Amendment Bill only after obtaining the prior permission of the President. II. Article 368 itself explicitly outlines three distinct pathways for amendment: simple majority, special majority, and special majority with state ratification. III. For amendments that require ratification by half of the States, it is not necessary that all State Legislatures in the country must take action or vote on the Bill. IV. State Legislatures can pass a resolution initiating an amendment to Article 368 in the same manner as they do for creating Legislative Councils. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?