History · Ancient Indian Philosophy
Which statement accurately describes the contrast in epistemological and practical approaches to liberation (Moksha) between Advaita and Vishishtadvaita Vedanta?
- 1Advaita focuses solely on Bhakti (Devotion) to a personal God, while Vishishtadvaita emphasizes intellectual realization through non-dual text interpretation.
- 2Advaita relies primarily on the knowledge of identity (Jnana) through Upanishadic authority, whereas Vishishtadvaita introduces Prapatti (Surrender) and Bhakti (Devotion) to a qualified Brahman as crucial means.✓
- 3Both schools reject the authority of the Vedas and rely exclusively on the concept of Maya as an absolute reality to attain Moksha.
- 4Advaita seeks Moksha through external ethical rituals (Karma Kanda), while Vishishtadvaita seeks it through completely denying the reality of individual souls.
Correct answer
Advaita relies primarily on the knowledge of identity (Jnana) through Upanishadic authority, whereas Vishishtadvaita introduces Prapatti (Surrender) and Bhakti (Devotion) to a qualified Brahman as crucial means.
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