Indian Polity · Polity
Which of the following statements best reflects the constitutional framework and judicial interventions regarding prison reform in India?
- 1The Constitution explicitly empowers Parliament under Article 39A to legislate exclusively on prison conditions, removing it from the State List
- 2The Model Prison Manual, 2016, enacted by Parliament, is a binding statute that forces all States to implement uniform prison reforms immediately
- 3Judicial interventions, such as in Sunil Batra v. Delhi Administration, have established that prisoners retain fundamental rights, including the right to life and dignity under Article 21✓
- 4The Supreme Court has held that prisoners lose all fundamental rights upon incarceration, and conditions are governed solely by the Prisons Act, 1894
Correct answer
Judicial interventions, such as in Sunil Batra v. Delhi Administration, have established that prisoners retain fundamental rights, including the right to life and dignity under Article 21
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