Sociology · Anthropological Theories
Which of the following statements accurately characterizes the theoretical frameworks established by early evolutionary anthropologists regarding the development of human societies?
- 1Edward Burnett Tylor argued that all major cultural innovations originated in Egypt and spread globally, while Lewis Henry Morgan proposed that societies oscillate between ideational and sensate forms of culture.
- 2Lewis Henry Morgan defined the concept of 'culture climax' to explain cultural richness, whereas Edward Burnett Tylor focused on the transition of societies from mechanical solidarity to organic solidarity through specialized labor.
- 3Edward Burnett Tylor proposed a progression of religious beliefs from Animism to Monotheism and introduced the concept of cultural 'survivals,' while Lewis Henry Morgan outlined a developmental trajectory from savagery to civilization based on property rights.✓
- 4Edward Burnett Tylor focused on the role of energy consumption as the primary driver of cultural complexity, while Lewis Henry Morgan argued that societies develop uniquely through cultural ecology and multilinear paths.
Correct answer
Edward Burnett Tylor proposed a progression of religious beliefs from Animism to Monotheism and introduced the concept of cultural 'survivals,' while Lewis Henry Morgan outlined a developmental trajectory from savagery to civilization based on property rights.
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