Which of the following is not traditionally considered an executive stage of the budgeting decision-making process?

Which of the following statements regarding budgeting are correct? 1. Flexible budgets adjust according to the level of activity. 2. Zero-based budgeting requires justification of all expenses for each new period. 3. Rolling budgets remain fixed for the entire budget period once approved. 4. Performance budgeting links budget allocations with measurable outcomes.

The sales budget is often the first budget prepared in an organization. This is primarily because sales demand is typically considered the: