Indian Polity · Polity
Which of the following best reflects the legal, institutional, and implementation challenges in addressing caste-based discrimination and atrocities in India, despite constitutional safeguards and the enactment of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989?
Verified Solution4 OptionsUpdated: October 2026👁️1 View
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- 1Caste-based atrocities are effectively handled at the state level without need for central oversight, making the role of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes largely redundant
- 2Article 46 of the Constitution mandates special protection only for Scheduled Tribes, making Scheduled Castes ineligible for affirmative action in higher education and government jobs
- 3The PoA Act, 1989, along with its 2015 Amendment, strengthens protections for SC/ST individuals, but persistent underreporting, low conviction rates, and social backlash—especially in rural areas—undermine its effectiveness✓
- 4The Constitution of India abolishes untouchability under Article 17, and the complete implementation of the PoA Act has eliminated caste-based discrimination in education, employment, and access to justice
Correct answer
The PoA Act, 1989, along with its 2015 Amendment, strengthens protections for SC/ST individuals, but persistent underreporting, low conviction rates, and social backlash—especially in rural areas—undermine its effectiveness
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