Underlining the need for a 'reorientation' in the comparative study of government, who described the orientation of the traditional institutional approach as 'non-comparative', 'parochial', 'static', and 'monographic'?

Which of the following events is considered a major turning point that fueled Indian nationalism during British rule due to its brutal nature and widespread condemnation?

Which of the following events is considered the first major peasant uprising against the British in India?