The standard raw material cost for a unit of production is 2 kg at $4.00 per kg. Purchases for a period were 13,000 kg at an actual cost of $4.50 per kg. Raw material inventory, which is valued at standard cost, increased by $8,000 in the period. Budgeted production for the period was 6,000 units but actual production was only 5,000 units. What was the raw material usage variance for the period?

Merik Co budgeted to produce 16,000 units of a product and sell 15,000 units. The standard cost per unit is: Direct materials: $20 Direct labour: $15 Variable production overheads: $5 Fixed production overheads: $10 Total standard cost: $50 Standard selling price: $80 Actual production was 18,500 units and 17,000 units were sold. Actual fixed production overheads were $165,000. What was the fixed overhead expenditure variance for the period?

In the production of a lamp, standard labor cost estimates suggest 3 hours of labor at a rate of Rs. 200 per hour, totaling Rs. 600 per lamp. The actual labor hours remained the same at 3 hours, but the actual wage rate increased to Rs. 230 per hour, resulting in a total actual labor cost of Rs. 690. What is the labor rate variance per lamp?