English Language · English

The passage given below is followed by four alternative summaries. Choose the option that best captures the essence of the passage. Nurses and other healthcare professionals frequently face 'moral distress,' which arises when they know the ethically correct course of action but are prevented from taking it due to institutional constraints, power dynamics, or time pressures. Repeated exposure to such situations, where their moral compass is compromised, can lead to deep suffering and professional burnout. To combat this, research suggests developing 'moral resilience'—not just the ability to endure moral pain, but to actively respond to it. This involves cultivating critical inquiry, ensuring ethical leadership, and establishing institutional mechanisms that empower staff to challenge constraints and align their actions with their professional values, turning passive suffering into active advocacy.