Biology · Cell Signaling
The inhibitory IκBα protein binds to the NFκB dimer and holds it in an inactive state. Upon TNF treatment, the IκBα protein is degraded and NFκB enters the nucleus to transactivate gene expression. Importantly, one of the transcriptional targets of NFκB is the IκBα gene itself. Together, they form a negative feedback loop. Which of the following describes the NFκB nuclear localization kinetics when TNF exposure is given as a brief pulse (a) versus continuously (b)?
Verified Solution4 OptionsUpdated: October 2026👁️1 View
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- 1Both pulse (a) and continuous (b) exposures result in sustained, non-oscillatory high levels of NFκB nuclear localization.
- 2Pulse (a) exposure results in oscillatory waves, whereas continuous (b) exposure results in a single transient peak of NFκB nuclear localization.
- 3Pulse (a) exposure results in a single transient peak, whereas continuous (b) exposure results in oscillatory waves of NFκB nuclear localization.✓
- 4Both pulse (a) and continuous (b) exposures result in a single transient peak of NFκB nuclear localization.
Correct answer
Pulse (a) exposure results in a single transient peak, whereas continuous (b) exposure results in oscillatory waves of NFκB nuclear localization.
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