The advantages of conducting field trips over using educational software are that: (a) it involves all the senses. (b) it can cater to large groups. (c) it can be arranged easily and quickly. (d) it gives individual attention.

A teacher notices during a lesson on force and motion that some students are confused. She conducts a short test in the middle of the lesson to identify misconceptions and adjusts her teaching approach based on the results. What kind of assessment is the teacher conducting?

In a school project work, such as one on 'Water Conservation' where students design models, present findings, and submit detailed reports, assessment can be done through: