T मरोड़ (Torque) और θ कोणीय विरूपण (Angular deformation) के अधीन एक शाफ्ट में संचित विकृति ऊर्जा (Strain energy - U) को निम्नलिखित में से किस व्यंजक द्वारा दर्शाया जाता है?

Mohr's circle reduces to a point when an element is subjected to:

A steel column pinned at both ends has an Euler buckling load of 250 kN. If the column is restrained against lateral movement at its mid-height, its new buckling load will be:

What is the angle between the principal strain axis and the maximum shear strain axis in 2D strain analysis?