Economics · Economy

Study the following observations regarding the 'Make in India' initiative: India's labor laws and labor quality do not meet the needs of high-quality industrial production. For example, a factory with more than 100 workers must get permission, which is rarely given, to retrench workers. This encourages companies to think small rather than big. In addition, our skilled and unskilled labor lacks the capabilities needed in modern production. Labor is poorly educated and lacks discipline for the factory floor. Consequently, worker productivity is the lowest in India among emerging markets and major Southeast Asian countries. Select the appropriate interpretation(s) with respect to the above text: a. Labor laws and labor quality are two major factors posing hurdles to the 'Make in India' initiative. b. Worker productivity in India is the lowest because workers are poorly educated and lack factory-floor discipline. c. Worker productivity is the lowest because companies think small and employ unskilled labor ready to work for low wages. d. There is no provision for education that assists persons to acquire capabilities needed for modern production.