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Read the text carefully and choose the most appropriate option to fill in the blank [3]: 'Public policy formulation often involves navigating competing interests while addressing complex social realities. Governments may announce ambitious reforms with the intent of accelerating development; however, policies drafted without adequate consultation risk being [----1---] in implementation. Additionally, an excessive focus on short-term outcomes can [----2----] long-term structural challenges, leading to solutions that appear effective initially but fail to deliver sustained impact. Citizens, in turn, grow [---3---] when promised benefits do not materialize, eroding trust in institutions. Effective governance therefore depends on a [---4---] policy framework that balances political urgency with evidence-based planning.'